C++ and Java are both object-oriented programming languages. But both languages are different in many ways. C++ was executed for application and system development and is an extension of the C language. C++ also added support for object-oriented programming features, exception handling, and generic programming.
Java has the functionality of an interpreter for printing systems that later support network computing. It is built on a virtual machine that is highly secure and portable in nature. It is grouped with a comprehensive library to provide support for the abstraction of existing platforms. The main purpose of developing Java was to use easy and widely available programming language.
Overview of C++ Programming
C++ is a computer programming language that includes the background of the C programming language as well as Simula67 (the first object-oriented language). C++ introduced the concept of class and objects.
It encodes high and low-level language features. So, it is seen as an intermediate-level language. First, it will be “C with classes” because it had all the features of the C language.
Features of C++
A wide range of applications varies from simple GUI applications to 3D games and real-time mathematical simulations.
Efficient, fast and powerful.
Highly portable, a top choice for multi-device, multi-platform development.
Object-Oriented Programming Language Classes, Data Bracketing and Incapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.
Rich Function Library.
Supports exception handling and function overloading.
Java Overview
Java is a completely object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. A small software development team generated this language. The team was known as the Green Team, which started Java in 1991.
Features of Java
Designed for distributed computing
It’s easy to compile, debugging, learning and writing
Multi-threaded, able to perform various tasks simultaneously within a program
Allows the creation of object-oriented modular programs and reusable code
Platform-Independent, easy to move from one system to another
Supports automatic memory allocation and garbage collection
Differences between C++ and Java
Let’s discuss the main differences between C++ and Java:
Pointers
Java: does not support Java pointers, templates, pointer overloading, unions, etc.
C++ Supports pointers, structures, units, templates, operator overloading or pointers arithmetic.
Support Destructors
Java: does not support Java destructors; It has automatic garbage collection system.
C++: It supports destructors; it gets invoked when an object is destroyed.
Conditional compilation and inclusion
Java: It does not support conditional compilation and inclusion.
C++: These are the key features of C++.
Thread Support
Java: It supports threads that are built into Java. If the thread class is in Java, the run method is inherited to create a new thread that overrides.
C++: It has no built-in support. It depends on third-party libraries.
Default arguments
Java: Java does not support default arguments. There is no (::) in Java. The definitions of strategy should be in one category, so there is no need to fix the scope.
C++: C++ supports default arguments. C++ has scope resolution (::), which utilize and characterize a strategy outside a class to get to a worldwide variable inside from the degree where a neighborhood variable additionally exists with a similar name.
Goto Statement
Java: There is no Goto statement in Java. Keywords and goto are reserved, even if they are not used.
C++: C++ has a GOTO connection. Still, this is not seen as a great practice for the use of Goto explanations.
Multiple inheritances
Java: Java does not offer multiple inheritances, not in the same sense as C++.
C++: C++ supports different inheritance. The keyword uses virtual to resolve the ambiguity between different conditions if any.
Exception Handling
Java: Exception handling is different because there are no destructors. In Java, try/catch should be defined if the function declares that it can throw an exception.
C++: In C++, you can skip this attempt/get regardless of what the capacity gives.
Overloading
Java: There is a way of overloading in Java but no operator performs overloading. The string uses the + and += operators to collapse the string and the string expression uses automatic type conversion, but this is a special built-in case.
C++: C++ supports both over-loading and over-loading administrator techniques.
Documentation Comment
Java: Java has built-in support for documentation comments (/** … */); Therefore, Java source files can have their own documentation, which is read by a different device, usually improved in Java Doc and HTML. It helps in maintaining documentation in an easy way.
C++: C++ documentation does not support comments.
Platform Independent
Java: Java is interpreted for the most part and, therefore, is platform-free.
C++: Creates a C++ conflict code, and a similar code cannot run on different steps.
Conclusion
We learned from this article that both C++ and Java are powerful languages. You can consider learning both to get a solid understanding of computer programming.
But if you want to choose either one, ask yourself what kind of applications you want to create. For example, for building Windows applications, C++ is an ideal choice. And if you need to create app servers, enterprise applications, etc., you can select Java.
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